IqSn¡mgvN:
\qdp Dea Fw F A_vZp JmZnapkvenbmÀ
]n._n _ioÀ ]pfn¡qÀ
Fw F DkvXmZv Xpd¶v ]dbp¶p
AIhpw ]pdhpw ip²ambm GXv sNfnhmcnsbdnbepw {]iv\amt¡WvSXnÃ
kp¶n \hPmKcW
kwcw`§fnseÃmw Hcp \ntbmKw t]mse ap¶n \n¡m³ `mKyapWvSmb ]ÞnX\mWv
\qdp Dea Fw.F. AÐp JmZnÀ apkvenbmÀ. kakvXtIcf PwC¿¯p Deabv¡p
XpS¡w Ipdn¡p¶Xn ap³]´nbnepWvSmbncp¶ ]m§n AlvvaZv Ip«n
apkvenbmcn \n¶v t\cn«v kakvXbpsS sa¼Àjn¸v kzoIcn¨hcn C¶v
Pohn¨ncn¨pÅ GI ]ÞnX³. 1946Â Gäphm§nb B Aam\¯v 65 hÀjambn Hcp
amähpanÃmsX sImWvSp\S¡p¶ ]ÞnX Xdhm«nse Htcsbmcp ImcWhÀ. 1924 Â
P\n¨ Fw.F DkvXmZn\v Cw¥ojv IeWvSÀ {]Imcw {]mbw sXm®qdv Ignªp.
lnPvd hÀj¯nemIpt¼mÄ sXm®qänaq¶v.
{]mb¯nsâ AhiXIÄ
F¼mSpapWvSv. ]gbXt]mse HmSn\S¡m³ ]äp¶nÃ. {]kwK§fpw s]mXpNS§pIfpw
Hgnhm¡Wsa¶v tUmÎÀamcpsS IÀi\ \nÀtZi§fpWvSv. ]t£ CsXm¶pw Fw.F.
DkvXmZns\ XfÀ¯p¶nÃ. [Àakac¯nsâ ap¶Wnbn Xsâ aqÀ¨tbdnb t]\bpw
Bghpw ]c¸pw sN¶ Nn´Ifpambn Fw.F. DkvXmZpWvSv.
kwkmcn¨pXpS§nbmÂ
ap¸XpapXepÅ tIcfob apkvenw kaql ]cnkcw ap¶n ImWp¶Xpt]mse Fw.F
DkvXmZv hniZoIcn¡pw. HmÀabpsS GSpIÄ H¶pw hn«pt]mhmsX C¶pw kq£n¡m³
Ignbp¶psh¶Xv Bscbpw hnkvabs¸Sp¯p¶XmWv.
cWvSv hÀjt¯mfambn sNdnb
cq]¯nse¦nepw hn{iaPohnXambncp¶p \qdp Dea Fw.F DkvXmZntâXv.
ZoÀLbm{XIÄ Akm[yambXn\m kAZn¿bpsS ssZ\wZn\ Imcy§Ä am{Xw Zqsc\n¶v
ho£n¨v ho«n Bcm[\bnepw {KÙcN\Ifnepambn IgnbpIbmbncp¶p DkvXmZv.
cWvSv hÀjw ap¼v \S¶ kAZn¿ kt½f\¯nse {]kwKw HcpXc¯n bm{X]d¨nembncp¶p.
2014 s^{_phcn 9\v
þRmbdmgvNtbmsS Nn{Xw amdpIbmbncp¶p. . XmPp Dea DÅmÄ X§fpsS
]n³Kmanbmbn kakvX tIcf PwC¿¯p DeabpsS Aac¯v {]knUâv ]Zhnbn \qdpÂ
Dea XncsªSp¡s¸«p. . asämcp t]cv B Øm\t¯¡v DbÀ¶phcm¯ \nebnÂ
GIIWvTambn XncsªSp¸n\v ImcWambXv Fw.F. DkvXmZnsâ ]mc¼cyw Xs¶bmbncp¶p
.
AÂ _bm\nsegpXnb teJ\¯neqsS
1951 Â aZvvdkm {]Øm\¯n\p XpS¡w Ipdn¨ ]ÞnX³... 1954Â Fkv ssh Fkn\v
cq]w \ÂInb _p²ntI{µw. Fkv ssh Fkns\ ]cnNbs¸Sp¯n BZycN\ \nÀhln¨
Fgp¯pImc³. Fkv ssh Fknsâbpw hnZym`ymk t_mÀUnsâbpw Xe¸¯v hÀj§fpsS
{]hÀ¯\ ]mc¼cyw.
1947 Â kakvXbnse¯n
apimhdmwKambpw D]m[y£\mbpw hÀj§fpsS IÀvakm£yw. AJnte´ymXe¯n kp¶n
hnZym`ymkt_mÀUnsâ Aac¡mc³. apXAÃnw, A[ym]I³, ]ÞnX³, Ncn{XImc³,
{]mkwKnI³, Fgp¯pImc³, kwLmSI³, t\Xmhv, Øm]\ta[mhn, ssiJv XpS§n
FÃm taJeIfnepw Hcpt]mse amXrImtbmKy\mb Hcp a\pjys\ Fw.F DkvXmZnÂ
\ap¡v ImWm³ Ignbp¶p. Cu ss]XrIhpw ]mc¼cyhpw Xs¶bmWv {]mb¯nsâ ]cnanXn
aänsh¨v tIcfob apkvenw kaql¯nsâ B[nImcnI ]ÞnXXe¸¯v Fw.Fsb
XncsªSp¡m³ Xnan¯ambXpw.
Fw.F. DkvXmZnsâ \mbIXzw
kapZmbw F{Xta Bthit¯msSbmWv kzoIcn¨Xv F¶Xnsâ sXfnhmbncp¶p kAZn¿
k\Zvv Zm\ kt½f\thZnbn ssiJp\m Im´]pcw HutZymKnI {]Jym]\w \S¯nbt¸mÄ
P\e£§Ä Bthi]qÀhw apg¡nb XIv_oÀ [z\nIÄ. al¯mb ]ZhnbpsS H¶nXyw
DkvXmZv DÄs¡mÅp¶p. imcocnI AhiXIÄ¡v Xm¡menI Ah[n \ÂIn kakvXbpsS
ssZ\w Zn\ Imcy§fn {i²bq¶pIbmWv DkvXmZv.
{]tXyI IqSn¡mgvN¡p
thWvSnbmWv _p[\mgvN sshIn«v \mectbmsS Fkvv.ssh.Fkv. PnÃm sk{I«dn
kpsseam³ IcnshÅqcnt\msSm¸w DkvXmZnsâ Xr¡cn¸qcnse ho«nse¯nbXv.
t\cs¯
hnfn¨dnbn¨Xn\m Im¯ncn¡pIbmbncp¶p. DkvXmZv A§s\bmWv. ]dª kab¯v
F¯nbncn¡Ww. Csæn ]cn`hw Dd¸v. kab¯nsâ hne C{Xtbsd a\Ênem¡nb
asämcmsf \ap¡nSbn ImWm³ IgnbnÃ.
Af¶p apdn¨v ]mIs¸Sp¯nb hm¡pIÄ. \o«tem Ipdp¡tem H¶papWvSmInÃ.
t\cb§p ]IÀ¯nbm aXn. A\mhiytam aäpÅhsc tamiambn Nn{XoIcn¡p¶tXm
Bb H¶pw B hmbn \n¶p hognÃ. R§sf k¡cn¨ tijw DkvXmZv
kwkmcn¨pXpS§n. aKvcn_v hm¦n\p apt¼ \ndp¯psa¶ D]m[ntbmsS.
?
BtcmKy{]iv\\§Ä¡nSbn Cu henb D¯chmZnXzw DkvXmZv
GsäSp¡m\pWvSmb kmlNcyw
=
A\mtcmKyw aqeapÅ bm{Xm t¢iw ]cnKWn¨v Ignª Iptd apimhd
tbmK§fn kw_Ôn¡m³ Ignªncp¶nÃ. XmPp DeabpsSbpw Fsâbpw
kuIcyw IqSn ]cnKWn¨mWv Cu {]mhiyw kakvXbpsS tI{µ apimhd
kAZn¿bn kwLSn¸n¨Xv. apimhdmwK§Ä¡v kAZn¿ kt½f\¯nÂ
]s¦Sp¡msa¶ kuIcyhpapWvSmIpw. CXn\nSbn \s½sbms¡
I®ocnemgv¯n XmPp Dea DÅmÄ X§fhÀIÄ hn«p]ncnªp.
kAZn¿bnembXp sImWvSpw XmPp DeatbmSv BZchv {]ISn¸n¡p¶ Hcp
NS§mbXn\mepw apimhdbn kw_Ônt¡WvSn h¶p. kl{]hÀ¯IscÃmw
GIIWvTambn ]dªt¸mÄ AhcpsS A`n{]mb§sf am\n¨pw Cu
{]Øm\¯n\pthWvSnbpÅ Iq«mbvabn ]s¦Sp¯v ap³KmanIfpsS s]mcp¯w
k¼mZn¡Wsa¶ B{Klt¯msSbpamWv Cu henb D¯chmZnXzw G¡p¶Xv.
B^nb¯n\pw Xu^oJn\pambn FÃmhcpw {]mÀYn¡pI
?
Fkv.ssh.Fkv {]knUâmbXpw C§s\sbmcp BIkvanIXbn
embncp¶psh¶v HmÀabpsS GSpIfn hmbn¨tXmÀ¡p¶p.
=
icnbmWv. kwLS\bpsS XpS¡w apXÂ cwK¯psWvS¦nepw 1979 apXÂ
kAZn¿bpsS apgpkab {]hÀ¯\§fn kPohamtIWvSn h¶Xn\mÂ
Fkv.ssh.Fkns³d kwØm\ Xe¯nepÅ {]hÀ¯\§fn \n¶v Ipds¨ms¡
amdn \n¡m³ B{Kln¨ncp¶p. 1982 C.sI lk³ apÉnbmÀ h^m¯mbXv
R§Äs¡Ãmw henb tjm¡mWv DWvSm¡nbXv. sXm«Sp¯v tNÀ¶ kwØm\ I½än
tbmK¯n almsâ IpSpw_¯nsâ `mhn Imcyw IqSn kl{]hÀ¯Icpambn
BtemNn¨v thWvSXv sN¿Wsa¶v B{Kln¨mWv \nÀ_Ô]qÀÆw ]s¦Spt¡WvSn
h¶Xv. ]t£ At±l¯nsâ ]n³Kmanbmbn Fkv.ssh.Fkv {]knUâv ]Zhn
GsäSpt¡WvSn hcnIbmbncp¶p. 95 hsc XpStcWvSn hcnIbmbncp¶p.
?
A§v kakvX {]knUâmb DSs\ am[ya§fn kp¶n sFIyw hoWvSpw
NÀ¨bmbncn¡pIbmWtÃm
=
Ct¸mÄ \S¡p¶ NÀ¨IÄ kakvX apimhd Xocpam\aÃ. Rm³ {]kvnUâmbn
XncsªSp¡s¸« DSs\ ]{X¡mÀ ImWm³
h¶ncp¶p. AhcpsS tNmZy¯n\p¯cambmWv sFIy¯nsâ hmXnÂ
ASªn«nsöv Rm³ ]dªXv. ]t£ AXnt\mSv adphn`mK¯nse
D¯chmZn¯s¸«hÀ {InbmßIambn {]XnIcn¡p¶Xn\p ]Icw hnhmZ§fpsS
]pIad krãn¡m\mWv {ian¨Xv
?
Imen\Snbnse a®v t]mhp¶Xnse sh{]mfamWv F ]n hn`mKw
sFIymlzm\w apg¡p¶Xn\p ]n¶nse¶mWv adphn`mKw ]dbp¶Xv
= AXv
AhcpsS hymtamlw am{XamWv. BcpsS Imen\Snbn \n¶mWv a®v
Hen¨pt]mbsX¶v FÃmhÀ¡pw Adnbmw. FÃmw Dt]£n¨mWv R§Ä
Ipd¨pt]À 1989 Â kaql¯nte¡nd§nbXv. AXn\ptijapWvSmb kaql¯nsâ
hfÀ¨ I®pÅhÀs¡Ãmw ImWm³ ]äp¶XmWv. kAZn¿, aÀIkvv tamUenÂ
500 \Sp¯v henb Øm]\§Ä \mapWvSm¡nbntÃ... AXneqsS e£¯ntesd
hnZymÀYnIÄ¡v Xmakþ]T\ kuIcyw \ÂIp¶ntÃ... \mapWvSm¡nb
aZvvdkIÄ tNÀ¯mWv AhÀ aZvvdkbpsS IW¡v ImWn¨v C¶v s]m§¨w
\S¡p¶Xv. A¶v Bdmbnc¯ntesd a{ZkIÄ \mapWvSm¡nbncp¶p. AXn\p
tijw F´mWv AhcpWvSm¡nbXv. AtX kabw Cc]¯nb©v hÀjw sImWvSv
\mw DWvSm¡nb aZvdkIfpw ]ÅnIfpw F{XbmWv. AhcpsS Btcm]W¯nÂ
Ig¼nÃ. Xs¶bpaÃ, Nne Ip«nt\Xm¡fmWv FXnÀ {]kvXmh\IÄ¡p
]n¶nepÅXv
?
adp hn`mK¯nepw \sÃmcp hn`mKw sFIyw B{Kln¡p¶ntÃ
=
XoÀ¨bmbpw. Rm³ {]knUâmbn XncsªSp¡s¸« cm{Xn adphn`mKw
thZnIfn ]s¦Sp¡mdpÅ Nne Dadm¡Ä Fs¶ ImWm³ h¶ncp¶p. AhÀ
A`n\µ\w Adnbn¡pIbpw Ccphn`mKs¯bpw H¶n¸n¡p¶Xn\v
DÕmln¡Wsa¶v Ft¶mSv ]dbpIbpw sNbvXncp¶p. cm{ãobhpw aäpamb
ImcW§fm ]e Dadm¡fpw adphn`mK¯nsâ kt½f\§fnsems¡
t]mhpsa¦nepw am\knIambn \t½mSv tbmPn¡p¶ BfpIfmWv. \½psS
BßmÀYXbpw AhÀ¡v t_m[yapÅXmWv. AXpsImWvSpXs¶ kapZmbs¯
tbmPn¸n¡m³ \ap¡v Ignbpsa¶v AhÀ¡v IW¡pIq«p¶p.
?
kakvXbnse ]nfÀ¸v DWvSmb DSs\bpw C¯csamcp sFIyNÀ¨ tI«ncp¶p
=
icnbmWv. A¶pw Nne ]uc{]apJcmWv Cu Bibhpambn FsâbSp¯v
h¶Xv.
Nne
alÃpIfnse AhØbmWv sFIyNn´bnte¡v \bn¨Xv. alÃv t\XrXzhpw
kwLS\Ifpw X½n Gäpap«Â. CXn\nSbn kp¶¯v PamA¯nsâ Bib§Ä
]IÀ¶p\ÂIm³ Ignbm¯ AhØ. kakvXbpw Fkv ssh FkpsaÃmw
DWvSm¡nbXv kp¶n Bibw {]Ncn¸n¡m\mWv. AXn\p ]äm¯ kmlNcyw
DWvSmIp¶Xv Gsd thZ\s¸Sp¯n. _nZCu Bib¡mcmsW¦n \½psS `n¶X
apXem¡n Nne alÃpIfn Ibdn¡qSm³ X¡w ]mÀ¯nbncn¡p¶p.
CsXms¡bmWv alÃv Xe¯nse¦nepw tbmPn¸nte¡v F¯m³ t{]cn¸n¨X.v
? sFIy¯n\v
A¶v CXn\p ap³]´nbnepWvSmbncp¶hÀ
= ]dªtÃm... Ft¶mSv
hyàn]cambn ASp¸apÅ Dadm¡fn Nnecmbncp¶p AXn\p ]n¶nÂ. Ccp
hn`mKs¯bpw tbmPn¸n¡m\mbn {]apJ·mcpw am\y·mcpw Ipsdb[nIw
DÕmln¨Xpw {]Xn]£¯nsâ \nÊlIcWw ImcWambn \S¡mXncp¶XpamWv.
1951 apX kakvXbpsS FÃm {]hÀ¯\§fnepw `mKhm¡mb hyàn F¶ \nebv¡v
tNcnXncnªpÅ {]hÀ¯\¯nepÅ sshjayw IW¡nseSp¯p sImWvSmWv hnime
a\kvI\pw D¶X k¿nZpamb aÀlqw apl½Zen inlm_v X§fpambn _Ôs¸«Xv.
kl{]hÀ¯I³ sI. ]n lwk apkvenbmcpw IqsSbpWvSmbncp¶p.
awKem]pcw apl½Zv lmPn F¶bmfpsS ho«nembncp¶p B IqSn¡mgvN.
ImkÀtKms« {][m\ hyànIfnsemcmfmb F³. F A_q_¡À lmPnbpw,
A¶p a{´nbmbncp¶ sNÀ¡fw A_vZpà kmln_pw Zrkm£nIfmbncp¶p.
]qÀÆ_Ôa\pkcn¨v hyàn]camWv Fsâ IqSn¡mgvNsb¶pw, Rm\pÄs¡mÅp¶
hn`mK¯nsâ {]Xn\n[nbmbn«söpw Rm³ hyàam¡nbXmWv. R§fpsS `mK¯v
t\XrXzw hln¡p¶ _lpam\s¸« aÀlqw XmPp Deasb klIcn¸n¡m³
Rm³ {ian¡msa¶pw adphi¯pÅhsc Xm¦fpw _Ôs¸«v klIcn¸n¡Wsa¶pambncp¶p
Rm³ Bhiys¸«Xv. A¶v At±lw AXv kt´mjt¯msS kzoIcn¡pIbpw
adphi¡mcpambn _Ôs¸Ss« F¶p ]dªp ]ncnbpIbpamWpWvSmbXv. ]t£
F´p sImtWvSm ]ntcmKXn IWvSnÃ. Adp hn`mKl¯nsâ \nÊlIcWamWv
ImcWsa¶v a\Ênem¡p¶p. alm\hÀIfpsS hntbmK tijw At±l¯nsâ Øm\tasäSp¯
ktlmZc³ sslZcen inlm_v X§fpw Rm\pambn ImkÀtKmSv amenIv
Zo\mÀ ]Ånbn H¯pIqSnbt¸mÄ At±l¯nsâ {i²bnepw C¡mcyw s]Sp¯nbncp¶p.
C\n XpSÀ {]hÀ¯\w \n§Ä \S¯Wsa¶v kqNn¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXncp¶p.
? sslZcen
inlm_v X§sf AwKoIcn¨m sFIyw km[yamsW¶v adphn`mKw ]dbp¶Xv
= Rm³
kqNn¸n¨ntÃ... BZyw apl½Zen inlm_v X§sfbmWv Rm³ a[yØ\mbn
kwkmcn¨Xv. ]n¶oSv At±l¯nsâ h^m¯n\p tijw sslZcen X§sfbpw
IWvSv kwkmcn¨ncp¶XmWtÃm. _m¡nImcy§Ä AhcpsS `mK¯p\n¶mWv
thWvSXv. AhÀ k¶²X Andbn¡s«. thWvSn h¶m apimhd tNÀ¶v thWvS
Xocpam\§Ä R§Ä FSp¡p¶XmsW¶v Rm³ Adnbn¨n«pWvSv. D]m[nIfnÃm¯
Ccphn`mK¯nsâ {]Xn\n[nIÄ Hcp tai¡ncn¶v kwkmcn¡m³ adphiw
X¿mdmsW¦n Imcy§Ä Ffp¸amhpw F¶mWv Fsâ {]Xo£.
? eb\amWv
thWvSXv... sFIyaà F¶mWv adp`mKw ]dbp¶Xv
= cWvSpw X½nepÅ
hyXymkw AhÀ¡v a\knemhm¯XmImw. ]ckv]cw a\ÊpIÄ sFIys¸SmsX
ebn¨n«v F´pImcyw... BZyw BZÀi sFIyw km[yamIs«.. ]ckv]cw
IqSnbncn¡s«.. asäÃmw NÀ¨bnemImatÃm.... BhiyamsW¦n cWvSv
hn`mKhpw AwKoIcn¡p¶ a[yØ·mscbpw IqsS Ccp¯mhp¶XmWv.
adp`mKw X¿mdmsW¦n apimhd tNÀ¶v R§Ä NÀ¨ sNbvXv Xocpam\n¡m³
R§Ä X¿mdmWv. k·\tÊmsS ssIImcyw sN¿m³ FÃmhÀ¡pw A\p{Klw
DWvSmhs« F¶v Bin¡p¶p. D]m[nIfpw Ip¯phm¡pIfpw tbmPn¸nsâ amÀ¤asöv
_p²nbpÅhÀ¡v hnebncp¯mhp¶ ImcyamWv. asämcp Imcyw Cu
A`n{]mb§sfÃmw ]dbp¶Xv adphn`mK¯nse ]pXnb BfpIfmWv. hmev
Xesb \nb{´n¡p¶ AhØbmWXv. AhcpsS {]kwKhpw AXmWv. R§fpsS
sFIymlzm\t¯mSv {]XnIcnt¡WvSXv adphn`mKw ]ÞnXcmWtÃm.. A¯cw
BfpIsf AhnsS ImWm³ Ignbp¶nsöXmWv {]iv\w
? \mw sFIy¯n\mbn
ImWp¶ t^mÀape F´mWv
= kwLS\m]camb
t^mÀapesbÃmw AhÀ k¶²X Adnbn¨m R§Ä apimhd tNÀ¶v Xocpam\n¡pw.
BZÀi]cambn Hä ImcytabpÅq. kakvX tIcf PwC¿¯p Dea XpS¡w
apX C¶phsc sImWvSp\S¶ Bib¯n \n¶psImWvSv tbmPn¡pI.
? kakvX tIcf
PwC¿¯p Deasb¶v \mw D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv icnbsöpw \½ptSXv
AJnte´ym kp¶n PwC¿¯p DeabpsS IogvLSIamb kakvX tIcf kp¶n
PwC¿¯p DeabmsW¶pamWv adphn`mKw ]dbp¶Xv
= AXv XoÀ¯pw
sXämWv. HmÄ C´ym kp¶n PwC¿¯p Dea AJnte´ym Xe¯nepÅ \½psS
kzX{´ kwLS\bmWv. 1976 apXÂ Xs¶ A¯csamcp thZn¡mbn \mw {iaw
XpS§pIbpw sXm®qdpIfn AXv bmYmÀYyamhpIbpw sNbvXXmWv. ]nfÀ¸pambn
AXn\v _ÔanÃ. hc¡Â apÃt¡mb X§fn \n¶v Xeapd ssIamdnh¶
kakvXsb¶ bYmÀY Bib¯nsâ hàm¡Ä \mw am{XamWv. AXpsImWvSpXs¶
kakvX tIcf PwC¿¯p DeabpsS ]mc¼cy¯n\hIminIÄ \mw am{XamWv.
? Fkv ssh
Fknsâ XpS¡w apX {]hÀ¯I\mbpw kmcYnbmbpw D]tZiI\mbpw 60
hÀjhpw DkvXmZmWv. 25 t]mepw XnIbm¯ adphn`mKw 60þmw
hmÀjnIw kwLSn¸n¨Xns\¡pdn¨v
= kz´ambn \btam
]cn]mSnItfm CÃmsX aäpÅhsc A\pIcn¡p¶hÀ¡v F´pamImatÃm.
XpS¡w apXepÅ an\pSvkpw cPnkvt{Sj\pw FÃmapÅXv \½psS kakvX
tIcf kp¶nn bphP\ kwL¯n\msWv FÃmhÀ¡padnbmw. kwLS\m ]m¸c¯amWv
AhÀ 60 BtLmjn¡m³ \nan¯ambXv. ]ns¶ B kt½f\w kapZmb¯n\v
F´v kw`mh\bmWv sNbvXsX¶ Imcyw FÃmhÀ¡pw Adnbp¶XpamWv.
? Im´]pc¯ns\Xncmbncp¶p
AhcpsS kt½f\¯nse {]kwK§fpw {]tab§fpw. XncptIi hnjb¯nÂ
Fw.F DkvXmZv \ne]mSv hyàam¡Wsa¶mWv AhÀ ]dbp¶Xv.
= AhcpsS FXnÀ¸v
Im´]pcw F¶ hyàntbmSÃ. At±lw {]Xn\n[m\w sN¿p kXy{]Øm\t¯mSpÅ
FXnÀ¸mWv. kp¶¯v PamA¯n\p thWvSn [ocambn t\XrXzw \ÂIp¶psh¶XmWv
Im´]pct¯mSv AhÀ¡v FXnÀ¸pWvSmIm³ ImcWw. ]e Btcm]W§Ä D¶bn¨n«pw
Xfcm¯ F.]nsb Xf¡m\pt±in¨mWv ]pXnb Btcm]W§fF¶v Rm³ a\Ênem¡p¶p.
Xncp tijn¸pItfmSpÅ BZchv kp¶¯v PamA¯nsâ apJ ap{ZbmWv.
AXv Xs¶bmWv Fsâ \ne]mSpw. ]ns¶ Xncp\_nbpsS P· kpZn\tam
P· Øetam BZcnt¡WvSXnsöv ]dbphhcmWv ]p¯³ hmZnIÄ. AhcmWv
Xncptijn¸pIsfbpw FXnÀ¡pXv. aX¯nse bpàn hmZnIfpsS I¿Sn
t\Sm³ thWvSn Nne kwLS\IÄ ]S¨p hnSp¶ A\mhiy hnhmZ§fn \n¶v
hnizmknIÄ amdn \n¡Ww.
? F.]n
hn`mKs¯ alÃpIfn \n¶v Xqs¯dnbWsaXmbncp¶p adp hn`mKw
kt½f\¯nse asämcp Bhiyw.
= AsXms¡
hymtamlw am{XamWv. kp¶¯v PamA¯nsâ Bibw {]Ncn¸n¡m³ \m«pImÀ
Øm]n¨v AhÀ i¼fw \ÂIn \à \nebn \S¯ns¡mWvSv t]mIp¶ alÃv ]Ån
a{ZkIfn \n¶v kp¯v PamA¯nsâ Benao§sf ]pd¯m¡Wsa¶v ]dbm³ ]pd¯v
\n¶pÅ Hcp iàntbbpw Bcpw A\phZn¡psa¶v tXm¶p¶nÃ. C¯cw
F{Xtbm kÀ¡pedpIfpw Xn«qc§fpw 1989  IWvShcmWv kp¶nIÄ. ]ns¶
AhÀ AhcpsS hnZym`ymk t_mÀUnsâ AwKoImcapÅ a{ZkIfpsS
ImcyamWv ]dbp¶sX¦n AXn Bdmbnc¯ntesd a{Zkbpw ]nfÀ¸n\v
ap¼v kwbpàambn \mw DWvSm¡nbXmWv. alm\mb XmPp Dea {]knUâpw
hn\oX³ sk{I«dnbpambmWv Ckvemw aX hnZym`ymk t_mÀUv 89
hsc {]hÀ¯n¨Xv. A¯cw a{ZkIfn FÃmhÀ¡pw Xpey AhImiamWpÅXv.
adp hn`mK¯n\v B t_mÀUnsâ hcpam\¯nembncp¶p I®v. R§Ä¡v kp¶¯v
PamA¯nsâ Bibw kwc£n¡Wsa e£yw am{XamWpWvSmbncp¶Xv. AXv
sImWvSv Xs¶ sN¡v _p¡pw Xmt¡mepw Ahsc G¸n¨p DÅmÄ X§fpw
R§fpw Cd§nt¸m¶p. R§Ä Hgnª Øm\¯v Ibdnbncp¶v Hmtcm¶v
hnfn¨p ]dbpIbmWhÀ. a¡sf [mÀanIambn hfÀ¯Wsa¶pw alÃpIfn [mÀanIXbpWvSmIWsa¶pw
B{Kln¡phÀ kp¶¯v PamA¯nsâ Benao§sf Hgnhm¡Wsa¶v Hcn¡epw ]dbnÃ.
? Nne
alÃpIfn kao] Ime¯v \S¶ A{Ia§Ä C¯cw Blzm\§Ä ImcWatÃ.
= Bbncn¡mw. adp
hn`mK¯nsâ sshImcnIamb Blzm\§sf kaqlw XÅn¡fªn«pWvSv. AÔamb
hntcm[w sh¨v ]peÀ¯p¶ Nne Øe§fn am{XamWv Nnet¸mÄ Ipg¸w
\S¡p¶Xv. kam[m\w B{Kln¡p¶ Bcpw C¯cw {]tIm]\§sf
t{]mÕmln¸n¡nÃ. BZÀi sFIyamWv FÃmhcpw B{Kln¡p¶Xv.
? tIkn F ]n
hn`mKw ]cmPbs¸«psh¶mWv C. sI hn`mK¯nsâ hmZw.
= kakvXbpsS
AhImiw BÀ¡msW¶ Hcp XoÀ¸pw GXp tImSXnbnepw h¶n«nÃ. 1989
se hgn¯ncnhn\p tijw Nne kmlNcy§fn NneÀ Nne tIkpIÄ
tImSXnbn sImSp¯ncp¶p. AXn A\pIqehpw {]XnIqehpamb
hn[nIÄ kzm`mhnIw. {]XnIqesa¶v {]Xy£¯n tXm¶p¶ hn[nIÄ
t]mepw \½psS kwLS\¡v KpWambn amdnbn«papWvSv. tIknsâ
Imcysams¡ ]ckyambn ]dtbWvSXsöv FÃmhÀ¡padnbp¶XmWv. \nbaw \nba¯nsâ
hgn¡v t]mIpw. \mw BZÀiw apdpsI ]nSn¨v apt¶m«v t]mhpI.
t]cntem tImSXn hn[nbntem AÃ Imcyw... BZÀi kwc£WamWv
\½psS e£yw.
? Im´]pcs¯
amän\ndp¯nbm sFIyamhmsa¶mWv adphn`mKw ]dbp¶Xv.
= AXn ImcyanÃ.
BZÀicwK¯v iàambn t\XrXzw \ÂIp¶hsc Häs¸Sp¯m\pw
Zpcmtcm]W§Ä D¶bn¨v XfÀ¯m\pw ]WvSpapXte {iaw \S¶n«pWvSv.
Nnesc amän\nÀ¯Wsa¶v ]dbp¶Xv BßmÀYXtbmsSbÃ. AkqbbmWv
{]iv\w. t\Xm¡sf Häs¸Sp¯n kwLS\sb inYneam¡msa¶Xv hymtamlw
am{XamWv.
? Xm¦Ä
adphn`mK¯nte¡v t]mhpIbmsW¶v AhÀ CSbv¡v {]Ncn¸n¨ncp¶p
= AsXms¡ Rm³
apIfn kqNn¸n¨ IpX{´¯nsâ `mKamWv. t\Xm¡Äs¡Xnsc Btcm]W§Ä
DbÀ¯n {]hÀ¯Icn Bib¡pg¸w krjvSn¡pIbmbncp¶p AhcpsS e£yw.
AhcpsS {]kn²oIcW¯n\v Rm³ A`napJw \ÂInbn«nÃ. Nne IÅ§Ä AhÀ
ASn¨phnSpIbmbncp¶p. FÃm Zpcmtcm]W§Ä¡papÅ adp]SnbmWtÃm
kakvX tIcf PwC¿¯p DeabpsS {]knUâmbn hn\oXs\ XncsªSp¯Xv.
? A¶v kakvX
]nfcmXncps¶¦n F¶v C¶v tXm¶p¶ptWvSm
= IgnªXv Ct¸mÄ
NÀ¨ sNbvXn«v ImcyanÃ. A¶v FÃmw DÅnsemXp¡n NSªp
IqSnbncps¶¦n kp¶¯v PamA¯v F¶ Bibw Xs¶ CÃm¯ kmlNcyw
hcpambncp¶p. XmPp DeabpsS t\XrXz¯n BZÀi]camb Hcp apt¶äw
A¶v A\nhmcyambXn\memWv 89 se Ncn{X]camb hgn¯ncnhpWvSmbXv.
Hmtcm kmlNcy§fn kapZmb¯nsâ hnime XmXv]cyw ap³\nÀ¯nbpÅ
Xocpam\§Ä ssIs¡mtÅWvSnhcpw. kakvXbpsS DZbhpw hnZym`ymk
t_mÀUv, Fkv ssh Fkv, Fkv Fkv F^v F¶nhbpsS P\\hpsams¡ Nne
{]tXyI kmlNcy§fpsSkrãnbmbncp¶phtÃm. cWvSv kwLS\Ifmbn F¶psh¨v
tbmPn¡p¶Xn\v Hcp XSÊanÃtÃm. Ccphn`mKw kwLS\Ifpw kp¶n
BZÀi {]NmcWcwK¯v tbmPn¨v apt¶dnbm kapZmb¯n\v IqSpXÂ
t\«§ftà DWvSmhq. AXv DÄs¡mÅm³ hnime a\Êv thWsa¶v am{Xw.
? XpSÀ¨¡mc\mIpXneÃ
amä§fpsS XpS¡¡mc\mhpXnembncp¶p At§bv¡v XmXv]cyw. B \nebv¡v
kakvX {]knUâmbpÅ ]pXnb ZuXyw amä§fpsS XpS¡amhptam.
= A§s\bnÃ.
kakvXsb¶Xv aimCJpamÀ ssIamdn h¶ bYmÀY AlvepÊp¯n hÂ
PamA¯nsâ BibamWv. AXv apdpsI ]nSn¨v ]pXnb Ime¯nsâ
shÃphnfnsb sNdp¡m\mhiyamb {]t_m[\ {]hÀ¯\§fmWv e£yw
sh¡pXv. hnZym`ymkt_mÀUv, bphP\{]Øm\w. A[ym]I kwLS\, Fkv
Fkv F^v, ka\zb hnZym`ymk tI{µ§Ä FÃmw Hmtcm ImeL«¯nsâ A\nhmcyXIfmbncp¶p.
Imew Bhiys¸Sp¶ ]pXnb ZuXy§Ä¡v kakvX F¶pw kÖamWv.
? kAZn¿bnÂ
A[y]\¯nembn DkvXmZv DWvSmIpsa¶v kAZn¿ kt½f\¯n F.]n
DkvXmZv B{Klw {]ISn¸n¨ncp¶p.
= XZvcoknembn
PohnXm´yw hsc IgnbWsa¶v Xs¶sbmWv B{Klw. apS§msX apP½CÂ ¢mÊpWvSv.
BgvNbn Ht¶m ctWvSm Znhkw kAZn¿bnepw ¢msÊSp¡Wsa¶v D±iyapWvSv.
B^nb¯n\mbn {]mÀ°n¡pI.
? \msSm«p¡pw
XmPp Dea A\pkvacWw \S¡pIbmWv. ]Xn\mbnc§fmWv Hmtcm ]cn]mSnbnepw
Hcpan¨v IqSp¶Xv. kao]Imes¯m¶pw HcmÄ¡pw e`n¡m¯ acWm\´c _lpaXn.
F´mWnXn\p ImcWw.
= CÂapw Bcm[\bpw
hgn AÃmlphnse¡v At§bäw ASp¯hcmbncp¶p ssiJp\m DffmÄ X§Ä.
kaql¯n\p thWvSnbmWv AhÀ Pohn¨Xv. AÃmlp Hcmsf DbÀ¯m³ Xocpam\n¨mÂ
HcmÄ¡pw ]ns¶ Xmgv¯m\mhnÃ. alm·mÀ acW tijw kaqls¯ \bn¡psa¶Xn\v
ZrjvSm´amWv DÅmÄ X§fpsS Cu alXzw. AhtcmsSm¸w kzÀKob
temI¯v Hcpan¡m³ \ap¡v {]mÀ°n¡mw. AhÀ ImWn¨p X¶ hgnbneqsS
\o§mw.
? kakvX {]knUân\v
]pXpXeapdtbmSv ]dbm\pÅXv
= BZÀicwK¯v
ASnbpd¨p \n¡pI. {]XnkÔnIfn \n¶v DuÀPw kw`cn¨v ]pXnb
Icpt¯msS apt¶m«v t]mhpI. \mw AÃmlphnsâ hgnbnemWv.
aimCJpamcpsS XW \aps¡t¸mgpapWvSv. \mw F{XIWvSv {]hÀ¯n¡p¶pthm
A{X IWvSv \½psS kaqlw hfcpw. aäpÅhcpsS Btcm]W§fpw _lf§fpw
\mw Imcyamt¡WvSXnÃ. \½psS AIhpw ]pdhpw ip²ambm GXv
sNfnhmcnsbdnbepw \ap¡v {]iv\amt¡WvSXnÃ.
BscXnÀ¯mepw
BZÀi sFIyw km[yamhpI Xs¶ sN¿pw. bYmÀY hnizmknIÄ¡v ]nW§n
\n¡m\mhnÃ. \ap¡v ]cn{ian¡mw.
aKvcn_n\v kabambtXmsS ]Xnhv HudmZpIġmbn DkvXmZv kwkmcw
\ndp¯n.
Fw.F AÐp JmZnÀ
apkvenbmÀ-þPohnX hgn
P\\w:
1924 Pqsse 1, 1342 d_Pv 29. P·tZiw: ImkÀtImSv
PnÃbnse Xr¡cn¸qcn\Sp¯ DSp¼p´e. ØncXmakw: Xr¡cn¸qcn\Sp¯
ssIt¡m«pIShv.
]nXmhv:
Ipdnb AÐpà lmPn. amXmhv: aÀbw. ]Xv\n: JZoP. k´m\§Ä:
\^ok, _o^mXzna, apl½Zv AÐp hlm_v.
Kpcp\mY·mÀ:
AÐp JmZnÀ lmPn apkvenbmÀ (D¸m¸), AlvvaZv apkvenbmÀ
(A½mh³), Xr¡cn¸qÀ imlp laoZv X§Ä (_ocnt¨cnbn ]¯phÀjw),
\mZm]pcw iodmkn apkvenbmÀ, sImb¸ apl½Zv Ip«n
apkvenbmÀ, F³ kn AÐp JmZnÀ apkvenbmÀ.
Bßob
Kpcp\mY·mÀ:
Ggnae lmanZv tImb½ X§Ä, tIm«bw ssiJv A_q_¡À lmPn,
Nm¸\§mSn _m¸p apkvenbmÀ, I¡nSn¸pdw A_q_¡À apkvenbmÀ,
]m\mbn¡pfw AÐpdlvvam³ apkvenbmÀ, Nmh¡mSv Ipªnt¡mb
X§Ä, Cukm sNdpIpªnt¡mb X§Ä.
X_Àdp¡nsâ DkvXmZpammÀ:
]m§n AlvvaZv Ip«n apkvenbmÀ, JpXp_n apl½Zv
apkvenbmÀ, ssiJv BZw l{k¯v, Nmh¡mSv lpssk³ apkvenbmÀ,
k¿nZv apl½Zv Aehn amen¡n (a¡).
ZÀkpIÄ:
Xr¡cn¸qÀ sa«½Â (1949þ73), Xfn¸d¼v JpƯp Ckvemw
(1973þ78), DZn\qÀ (78þ79), PmanA kAZn¿ kmcYnbpw
apZcokpw (1979 apXÂ).
cN\IÄ:
B\pImenI§fn \nch[n teJ\§sfgpXn. aebmfw, Ad_n `mjIfnembn
ap¸tXmfw {KÙ§Ä, AhmÀUpIÄ: anI¨ kmaqly tkh\¯n\pÅ
A_qZm_n apk^v^ AhmÀUv, Ckv emanIv dnkÀ¨v skâÀ hI Fkv
ssh Fkv tKmÄU³ Pq_nen AhmÀUv, anI¨ hnZym`ymk {]hÀ¯I\pÅ
tImS¼pg KÊmen AhmÀUv, Fkv Fkv F^nsâ aJvZqw AhmÀUv.
XpS§n Hcp Uk\ntesd ]pckvImc§Ä
kwLS\m
thZnIfnÂ:
1946  kakvXbn AwKXzw t\Sn. Adp]XpIfn apimhd
AwKambn sXscsªSp¡s¸«p. 1951 kakvX tIcf CkvemwaX
hnZym`ymk t_mÀUv, 1954 kp¶n bphP\kwLw, 1958 PwC¿¯pÂ
apAÃnao³ F¶nhbpsS Øm]ImwKw, ]n¶oSv hnZym`ymk t_mÀUv
sk{I«dnbmbn. kakvX tIcf kp¶n bphP\kwLw kwØm\ {]knUâv
(1982þ95), 1965  PwC¿¯p apAÃnao³ tI{µ Iu¬kn {]knUâv,
1976þ89 tI{µ Iu¬kn sk{I«dn, ]mT]pkvXI I½nän I¬ho\À,
Ahn`à I®qÀ PnÃm kakvXbpsS sk{I«dn XpS§nb Øm\§fnÂ.
1989 apXÂ: kakvX tI{µ apimhd sshkv {]knUâv, kp¶n
hnZym`ymk t_mÀUv {]knUâv, XAveoan t_mÀUv Hm^v C´ym
{]knUâv, ImkÀtImSv PnÃm kakvvX {]knUâv, 2014 s^{_phcn
9\v kakvX {]knUâv, AÂ apP½Av {]knUâv, 1979 apXÂ
PmanA kAZn¿, apZcnkv, P\d amt\PÀ, Nm³keÀ. 2015 s^{_phcn
17\v (ln:
1436 d_oDÂ BJnÀ 28)
h^m¯mbn.
|